except和except for的用法有什么区别？
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发布时间：2022-04-21 22:02
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热心网友
时间：2023-11-18 06:08
except,besides,except for用法的关联和区别
1.作介词用法时,这三个词都有"除…之外"的含义,但except常与do／does／did／have／has／hadnothing等词形成搭配用法,或者与全部肯定词all、everything、ev�eryone等连用,或者与全部否定词nothing、nobody等连用,因此except加宾语作介词"除…之外"时常表示从整体中剔除一部分；而besides作"除…之外"时则表示"另外附加"的含义,相当于"in addition to"。试比较下列例句:
1)He did not hing except watch TV yesterday.
2)He said nothing except to smile just now.
3)All the students took at rip except Tom yesterday.
4)We need 3 more persons to finish the job besides／inaddition to us two.
2.作介词用法时的except后可接多种情况的介词短语。在这种情况下,except后的介词是不可省去的,except加介词的实际作用就相当于连词加相关的从句。例如:
1)The weather is fine today except in the northwest.此句相当于:
The weather is fine today except that it is in the northwest.
2)His mother never takes any exercise except on the dance floor.此句相当于:
His mother never takes any exercise except that she has adance on the floor.
需要强调的是except与exceptfor的用法区别:
1)Except后排除的内容与主语往往是同一类的,而exceptfor后所排除的内容与主语往往不是同一类的。例如,试比较:
All the buildings are excellent except this one.
All the buildings are excellent except for their location或者All the buildings are excellent except that the place on which the buid�ings are built is notgood.
2)当except用在句首时往往改用exceptfor。例如:
There was no single person in the dark street that night except apoliceman on his ty.此句相当于:
Except for apoliceman on his ty,there was no single person in the dark street that night.
3.相当于连词用法的except与相当于连词用法的besides的区别仍然保持它们作介词用法的含义。试比较下列例句:
1)Tom is a good student ex�cept that he is careless.此句相当于:Tom is a goods tudent except for his carelessness.
2)Tom seldom comes late to school except when it rains hard.此句相当于:Tom seldom comes late to school except on a heavily rainy day.
热心网友
时间：2023-11-18 06:08
一、 except用于表示同类事物之间的关系，其意为"除......以外"、"除去"。
1. except后面可接名词、代词、动词、副词、介词短语和从句等。如：
We have an English lesson every day except Sunday. 除星期天外，我们每天有一堂英语课。（接名词）
Every day Mary does nothing except watch TV. 每天玛丽除了看电视以外什么都不干。（except后接动词时，一般为带to的动词不定式。但如果except前面有谓语动词do或其相应形式时，后面通常接省略to的动词不定式。如此句。）
He always goes to work by bike except recently. 除最近外，他一般都骑自行车上班。（接副词）
After breakfast the students went nowhere except to school. 吃完早餐，学生们除了上学就不到别处去了。（接介词短语）
My father usually goes to work by bike except when it rains. 除下雨天外，我爸爸通常骑自行车上班。（接从句）
2. except常用在all, whole, any, every, no等词，及anything, anybody, anyone, everything, everybody, everyone等不定代词之后。如：
She ate everything on the plate except the carrots.除胡萝卜外她把盘子里的东西都吃了。
I've cleaned all the rooms except the toilet. 除了厕所，我清扫了所有房间。
二、 except for用于表示对主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定。它不表示同类事物之间的关系，其意思为：
1. "除了......以外"。如：
Smith is a good man, except for his bad temper. 史密斯除了脾气不好外，是个好人。
The movie was good except for the ending. 这部电影除了结尾之外都很好。
2. "除去为了......"。如：
Mother wouldn't give him any money except for books and stationery. 除了买书和文具外，妈妈不给他任何钱。
3. "如果不是"，"若非"。如：
Except for you, I would pass the exam. 如果不是你，我就会通过考试。
4. "except for+名词"结构一般可以改写成"except+that从句"。如：
This will do except for the length.= This will do except that it is too long. 如果不是它太长的话，这会很好。
All are here except for the absence of Tina. = All are here except that Tina is absent. 除了蒂娜以外，大家都在这里。
三、 except与except for的互换
1. except与except for有时可以通用，不过，一般情况下，except for可置于句首，而except则不能。如：
Everyone is here except Tom. （或：Except for Tom everyone is here.）除汤姆外，大家都到了。
2. except与except for在句中也可互换。
一般来说，否定句中用except，肯定句式可以用except for来替换。如：
This article has no blunders except a few mistakes.这篇文章除了一点小错外没有大错。
此句可改为：This article is instructive except for a few blunders. 这篇文章除了有些错误外，是有教育意义的。
不过，在前后有相称的同类词语时，应用except，否则用except for。如：
We come to school every day except Sunday. 除星期天外，我们天天上学。（句中every day与Sunday同类）
This dress is ready except for the buttons. 衣服做好了，只是钮扣未缝上。（句中ready与buttons不同类）
