英语试题
本试卷共8页。全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试题和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman want?
A. Her jacket. B. Her ticket. C. Her backpack. 2. What do they talk about?
A. The food. B. The lunch. C. The traffic. 3. The man does not like the dress’ ________. A. color B. size C. cut
4. What kind of service is NOT offered in the gym? A. Bodybuilding B. Swimming. C. Yoga. 5. How much does one ticket cost?
A. More than 15 yuan. B. Less than 15 yuan. C. 15 yuan.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In the hospital. B. In the airport. C. At the restaurant. 7. What does the man tell the woman? A. He wants to order his dish.
B. There is something dirty in the dish. C. There is something wrong with his eyes
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What do they talk about?
A. A basketball game. B. Their favorite player. C. Their favorite ball sport. 9. How does the woman feel about John’s performance? A. Terrible. B. Wonderful. C. Just so so.
10. How about the result of the basketball game yesterday? A. Their school won the game. B. Their school failed the game. C. The game ended in a tie.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why is the woman calling?
A. To make the time. B. To order a place. C. To introduce himself. 12. Who is probably the woman?
A. A secretary. B. An interviewer. C. A boss.
.13. When will they have an appointment?
A. Anytime next week. B. At 11:30 p.m. this week. C. At 11:30 a.m. next Tuesday.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What do they mainly talk about?
A. The weather. B. The scenery. C. The trip. 15. Where will the man and students go?
A. The natural park. B. The national forest. C. The gym. 16. Who is the man in the dialogue? A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A farmer. 17. What will the man do if there is no rain? A. Plant the trees along the river
B. Have an ecology class in the forest C. Climb mountains in a national forest.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Leonardo da Vinci’s early life. B. Leonardo da Vinci’s training. C. Leonardo da Vinci’s great works.
19. When did Leonardo da Vinci move to Florence? A. In 1452. B. In 1460. C. In the 1460s. 20. What do you know from the passage?
A. Leonardo enjoyed drawing as well as sculpting. B. Leonardo’s parents got married after he was born. C. Florence is one of the cultural capitals of France.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
[2020·陕西省安康市高一上期末]A
Choose Your One-Day-Tours!
Tour A - Bath &Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge -￡37 until 26 March and ￡39 thereafter. Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum, Stonehenge is one of the world’s most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.
Tour B - Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary’s Church Tower and Anne
Hathaway’s -￡32 until 12 March and ￡36 thereafter. Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England’s oldest university city and colleges. Look over the “city of dreaming spires(尖顶）” from St Mary‘s Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.
Tour C - Windsor Castle &Hampton Court: including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace -￡34 until 11 March and ￡37 thereafter. Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry VILL’s favorite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle(entrance fees not included).With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫) where it is easy to get lost!
Tour D –Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great -￡33 until 18 March and ￡37 thereafter. Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century. 1. Which tour will you choose if you want to see England’s oldest university city? A. Tour A B. Tour B C. Tour C D. Tour D 2. Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March? A. Windsor Castle & Hampton Court B. Oxford & Stratford C. Bath & Stonehenge D. Cambridge 3. Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction? A. It used to be the home of royal families B. It used to be a well-known maze C. It is the oldest palace in Britain D. It is a world-famous castle 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 【解析】
这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了四个一日游项目，包括参观景点、费用等细节信息。 【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tour B中的Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England’s oldest university city and colleges可知，Tour B中包括英国历史最悠久的大学城和学院，故选B。 【2题详解】
细节理解题。比较四个一日游中的17 March这一天的价格可知，Tour D中的Cambridge中的￡33最便宜，故选D。该题容易误选B项，但根据Tour B - Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary’s Church Tower and Anne Hathaway’s -￡32 until 12 March and ￡36 thereafter.可知，12号之前是￡32，之后是￡36。所以不选B项。 【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Tour C中的With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen可知，汉普顿宫曾是4个国王和一个女王的家，有着500多年的历史，也就是皇室的家，故选A。
[2020·陕西省安康市高一上期末]B
Robert Jarvik, born on May 11, 1946 in Michigan and raised in Stamford, is a medical scientist and researcher, who played an important role in the invention of the artificial heart. He was interested in medicine from a young age. He watched his father perform operations and gained a patent (专利权) for a machine applied in the medical operation before he graduated from high school.
Jarvik attended Syracuse University and considered a career in art. When his father developed heart disease suddenly, he decided then to work on a medical career. He applied to medical schools, but was not admitted to any schools in the US. Before long, he was admitted to the medical school in Italy and stayed there for two years. He returned to get a degree in medicine from New York University in 1971.
After working for a period of time, Jarvik got a job in the organ transplant (器官移植) program at the University of Utah in 1972. He worked with the director of the program, Willem Kolff, who invented the kidney dialysis (肾透析) machine.
By the time Jarvik came to the University of Utah, the organ program had already developed the primary artificial heart. He improved it by creating a diaphragm (横膈膜), which solved many issues with the heart. Eventually, he created the first artificial heart in 1981, the Jarvik-7, to be placed in a human patient, which was considered one of the most important inventions in human history.
Barney Clark, a retired dentist suffering from serious heart disease, received the Jarvik-7 transplant on
December 2, 1982. He lived for 112 days after the operation, but the transplant was considered a success. Though receiving criticism for the risk referred to transplant an artificial heart, the Jarvik-7 still became very important for patients who were waiting for a heart. In 1987, Jarvik moved to New York City and formed Jarvik Research Inc. He began developing a new heart — the Jarvik 2000. This smaller machine fits inside a patient’s heart rather than replacing the entire organ.
4. What method does the writer use to develop the passage? A. By discussing research experiments. B. By following the natural time order
C. By presenting some research results.
D. By comparing opinions from different fields.
5. The underlined word “issues” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”. A. items B. incidents C. problems D. debates
6. Which of the following incidents made Robert Jarvik determine his life-long career? A. His father developed heart disease suddenly. B. He received a patent for the medical operation.
C. He took part in the organ program at the University of Utah. D. He was refused to be admitted to any medical school in the US.
7. What is the greatest achievement for Robert Jarvik as a medical scientist? A. He invented the kidney dialysis machine. B. He created the first artificial heart in 1981.
C. He created a diaphragm to fit inside a patient’s heart.
D. He did the first heart transplant operation for a heart patient. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【分析】
本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了美国著名的医学科学家——Robert Jarvik在发明人造心脏方面做出了巨大的贡献。
.【4题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者依据时间先后顺序对Robert Jarvik进行了介绍。故选B。 【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句He improved it by creating a diaphragm (横膈膜), which solved many issues with the heart.可知，他通过制造横膈膜来改善它，这解决了心脏的许多issues。由此推知，issues意为“问题”。故选C。 【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的When his father developed heart disease suddenly, he decided then to work on a medical career.可知，当他的父亲突然患上心脏病时，他决定从事医疗事业。由此可知，Robert Jarvik是在爸爸突然患心脏病之后决定把医学作为自己的职业的。故选A。 【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的Eventually, he created the first artificial heart in 1981, the Jarvik-7, to be placed in a human patient, which was considered one of the most important inventions in human history.可知，最终，他在1981年创造了第一个人造心脏，Jarvik-7，被放置在人类病人身上，这被认为是人类历史上最重要的发明之一。由此可知，Robert Jarvik创造了人类历史上第一个人造心脏，这是他作为医学科学家的一个最伟大的成就。故选B。
【点睛】做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择。如第4小题，What is the greatest achievement for Robert Jarvik as a medical scientist?要求判断出作为一名医学科学家，Robert Jarvik最大的成就是什么。根据第四段中的Eventually, he created the first artificial heart in 1981, the Jarvik-7, to be placed in a human patient, which was considered one of the most important inventions in human history.可知，最终，他在1981年创造了第一个人造心脏，Jarvik-7，被放置在人类病人身上，这被认为是人类历史上最重要的发明之一。由此可知，Robert Jarvik创造了人类历史上第一个人造心脏，这是他作为医学科学家的一个最伟大的成就。故选B。
[2020·陕西省安康市高一上期末]C
Traveling by subway can sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during rush hour. There are the times when you have to avoid cups of coffee that could spill (溅) on you. The smells of some passengers’ food are very strong, too. According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations, which went into effect on May 15th, passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed to eat or drink on the subway. Violators (违反者) who do not stop after being asked to will be asked to get off. The violation will also be recorded in the violators’ credit record.
Some support the rule. The reason is that the smell of food and drink can annoy other passengers. “The smell of food fills the carriage, causing people discomfort, especially in the hot summer, Besides, eating on the subway
produces rubbish. And on subway trains, people often spill their drinks,” said Zheng Yiou, 17, a student from Hefei.
However, others question this rule. “Some citizens live so far from their work places that they have limited time to have breakfast before they go to work. Eating while they travel saves them time and decreases the chance that they will be late for work,” He Songlin, a 17-year-old student from Chengdu said, “And some people, like those with low- blood sugar levels, get sick if they can’t eat when they must.”
Other Chinese cities like Nanjing and Chengdu have similar regulations. Some foreign cities also ban eating and drinking on the subway. For example, eating and drinking have long been banned on the subway in Washington DC. Singapore fines people who eat or drink on the subway up to 500 Singapore dollars, which is RMB 2,417 yuan.
Chen Yanyan, a professor from Beijing University of Technology, believed we should consider the need of some people to eat or drink on the subway. “Commuters (上班族) and travelers are sometimes too busy to eat. Maybe we could learn from Tokyo, where there are many subway stations equipped with services, allowing passengers to eat and drink,” she said.
8. In which city was subway passenger regulations carried out on May 15th? A. Chengdu. B. Nanjing. C. Washington DC. D. Beijing.
9. What’s the punishment for the passengers who break the rules in Singapore? A. Eating on the subway. B. Drinking on the subway. C. Being fined up to 2417 yuan. D. Being asked to get off the train. 10. What is Chen Yanyan’s attitude to eating or drinking on the subway? A. Worried. B. Sympathetic. C. Doubtful. D. Uninterested 11. What would be the best title for the text? A. Food and Drink Banned on Subway.
B. The Adventure of Subway Traveling C. Ways to Eat and Drink on Subway. D. The Services on Subway Stations
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 【解析】
这是一篇说明文。根据5月15日生效的《北京地铁乘客条例》，除婴儿和病人外，乘客不得在地铁上吃喝。违反者被要求停止后不停止的，将被要求下车。违反者的信用记录也将被记录在案。一些人支持这一规定。然而，也有人质疑这一规则。 【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations, which went into effect on May 15th, passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed to eat or drink on the subway.（根据5月15日生效的《北京地铁乘客条例》，除婴儿和病人外，乘客不得在地铁上吃喝。）可知地铁5月15日实施乘客条例是北京。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句Singapore fines people who eat or drink on the subway up to 500 Singapore dollars, which is RMB 2,417 yuan.（新加坡对在地铁上吃喝的人处以最高500新元(约合2417元人民币)的罚款。）可知在新加坡，违反规定的乘客会受到被罚款2417元的惩罚。故选C。 【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Commuters and travelers are sometimes too busy to eat. Maybe we could learn from Tokyo, where there are many subway stations equipped with services, allowing passengers to eat and drink,” she said.（“通勤者和旅行者有时忙得吃不下饭。也许我们可以向东京学习，那里有很多地铁站提供服务，允许乘客吃喝。”）可知Chen Yanyan对在地铁上吃喝持深表同情的态度。故选B。 【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations, which went into effect on May 15th, passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed to eat or drink on the subway. Violators who do not stop after being asked to will be asked to get off. The violation will also be recorded in the violators’ credit record.（根据5月15日生效的《北京地铁乘客条例》，除婴儿和病人外，乘客不得在地铁上吃喝。违反者被要求停止后不停止的，将被要求下车。违反者的信用记录也将被记录在案。）以及文章主要内容围绕“禁止在地铁上吃喝”这一条例展开，故选A。
D
A new phone app uses shaking from smartphones to warn people about earthquakes. The new app is called MyShake, which is the work of four researchers at the University of California. Berkeley.
Smartphones are equipped with accelerometers(加速器). MyShake uses phone accelerometers to measure seismic (地震的) activity. It has been programmed to know the difference between normal activity and earthquake movement. The software developers say their app is right 93 percent of the time. A smartphone sends seismic information to the app developers. If the developers receive several warnings from one area, it recognizes that an earthquake may be taking place or will take place soon. Using information sent from the app, the network then judges the location and strength of the quake in real time. MyShake can record 5.0 earthquake at distances of 10 kilometers or less.
MyShake uses very little power, according to its developers. Only when seismic activity is sensed by the app does it become active and sends data to the network. The app works best when your phone is resting on a flat surface, like a table.
The developers hope that MyShake can add to information collected by the U.S Geological Survey. That U.S agency has created the Earthquake Early Warning System, also known as the EEW. The EEW has used sensors for measuring quakes in many areas. In places where no such equipment exists, MyShake may be the only method of early quake detection (发现). The app also shows ways to stay safer during an earthquake. The developers say it will become more effective as more people use it.
The developers say they hope to add a feature that will warn people about possible tsunami after an earthquake. 12. The new app
A. is a kind of accelerometer.
B. feels earthquakes through smartphones. C. is developed by the U.S Geological Survey. D. predicts possible tsunami after an earthquake.
13. What is the second paragraph mainly talking about? A. How MyShake works.
B. What seismic activity is. C. Why MyShake is developed.
D. When accelerometers record earthquake. 14. We can infer that MyShake
A. docs not work when the spartphone is in the pocket B. sleeps while there is no shaking of the earth’s surface.
C. guides people how to survive when many people use it at the same time. D. recognizes an earthquake when it receive the information from other sensors. 15. The new app developers hope to
A. use the information by the U.S Geological Survey to better MyShake. B. unite the U.S Geological Survey to combine the EEW and MyShake. C. help the EEW detect earthquakes somewhere. D. improve the EEW.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍一款新的应用程序，这款新应用通过智能手机感知地震。 【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句A new phone app uses shaking from smartphones to warn people about earthquakes.可知，这款新应用通过智能手机感知地震。故选B。 【13题详解】
段落大意题。根据第二段中MyShake uses phone accelerometers to measure seismic (地震的) activity. It has been programmed to know the difference between normal activity and earthquake movement.可知，本段讲述的是MyShake怎样工作。故选A。 【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段MyShake uses very little power, according to its developers. Only when seismic activity is sensed by the app does it become active and sends data to the network. The app works best when your phone is resting on a flat surface, like a table.可知，我们可以推断出，在地球表面没有震动的情况下，MyShake会睡着。故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一、二句The developers hope that MyShake can add to information collected by the U.S Geological Survey. That U.S agency has created the Earthquake Early Warning System, also known as the EEW可知，新的应用开发者希望能帮助EEW在某个地方探测到地震。根据句意可知选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2020·陕西省安康市高一上期末]Birth order plays a vital role in deciding the characteristics of a child.
And when it comes to the middle child, it certainly plays a huge role. The middle children go through some things only they can understand. ___16___ Mostly, middle children have to share a room. ___17___ They need to share a room with an elder one because they're too young to sleep alone. And just when they think they'll finally have a room of their own, a voice is heard saying, “Dear, please share the room with your younger one, as he's too small to sleep alone.”
Middle children tend to share clothes with their siblings (兄弟姐妹). Their cupboard is full of hand-me-downs
from their older sibling, and they need to wear his clothes. ___18___ They can always show off their elder sibling's clothes and things at school. Also, they get to pass their own clothes to their younger sibling.
___19___ They're liked by both, because they can relate well to both generations. On one hand they can recall how much fun it was watching Garfield and Friends, and on the other hand they can talk about the latest video game released in the market.
Siblings' talking is one interesting thing about a middle child. They are not as boring as they appear.___20___ Also, thanks to the divided attention at home, middle children are independent and need not rely on anyone. A．Instead, they are very artistic and creative. B．But this comes with its own advantage too.
C．Here are some things a middle child can relate to.
D．They rarely enjoy the experience of having their own room.
E．And the dream of having their own room is completely destroyed. F．They're the problem solvers between their older and younger siblings.
G．As a middle kid, they are the bridge between their younger and older siblings.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. B 19. G 20. A 【解析】
试题分析：这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了出生在中间的孩子在生活中不同于其他孩子的一些特点。 【16题详解】
考查上下文理解和推理判断。由上文“The middle children go through some things only they can understand.”（中间的孩子经历一些仅有他们可以理解的事情），结合空格下文讲述只有中间的孩子才能体会的事可推断，此处起承上启下的作用，故选项C“以下是一些与中间的孩子相关的事情。”故选C。 【17题详解】
考查上下文理解和推理判断。上文“Mostly, middle children have to share a room.”提到了“room”下文“They need to share a room with an elder one because they're too young to sleep alone. ”也提到了“room”，选项D中提到了“room”，结合语境“大部分中间的孩子必须共享房间”可推断，他们很少能享受拥有他们自己的房间的乐趣。空格处对上一句解释说明。故选D。 【18题详解】
考查上下文理解和推理判断。由下文“They can always show off their elder sibling's clothes and things at school. Also, they get to pass their own clothes to their younger sibling.”可知，他们总是可以在学校里炫耀他们哥哥姐姐的衣服，并且他们必须把他们自己的衣服传给他们的弟弟妹妹。因此推断此处讲述穿哥哥姐姐的衣服的
me-downs from their older 优势，故B项“这也是有优势的”，this指代上文的“Their cupboard is full of hand-sibling, and they need to wear his clothes.”(他们的衣橱里满是哥哥姐姐的衣服，他们必须穿他的衣服)。故选
B。
【19题详解】
考查段落大意。由下文“They're liked by both, because they can relate well to both generations.”可知，中间的孩子是兄弟姐妹之间的桥梁。故选G。 【20题详解】
考查上下文理解和推理判断。A项的“artistic and creative”与上文的“not as boring as they appear”是呼应的，他们不想他们看起来那么无趣，他们是有艺术天赋的并有创意的。故选A。 【点睛】
七选五文章多是说明文，考查考生对文章整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解答这类试题时要注意运用一定的解题技巧：也就是利用上下文所重复的关键词，即词的复现原则进行判断，其中包括同义词、原词和反义词的复现，要注意空前空后的名词、代词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或者表示同一类事物的词语等。例如小题2，上文“Mostly, middle children have to share a room.”提到了“room”下文“They need to share a room with an elder one because they're too young to sleep alone. ”也提到了“room”，选项D中提到了“room”，结合语境大部分中间的孩子必须共享房间可推断，他们很少能享受拥有他们自己的房间的乐趣。空格处对上一句的进一步说明。故选D。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2020·陕西省安康市高一上期末]South African lifeguard Achmat Hassiem would watch sharks hunting
seals in False Bay Hassiem never imagined he would ____21____ an attack by the shark. Because he always thinks they are one of the most ____22____ ocean killers. He was really lucky. In August 2006 he and his brother were ____23____ an exercise with the local lifeguards. Suddenly he saw a shark ____24____ towards his brother. His first thought was to distract (分散) the animal’s ____25____. Immediately he started drumming on top of the water, trying to make a ____26____ noise. He knew sharks tend to move towards ____27____. He saw the shark turn away from his brother. But as it ____28____ the course, the shark swam towards Hassiem. The shark ____29____ its mouth and his right leg was in the shark’s mouth. Then it pulled him under the water and headed downwards. Then he _____30_____ a horrible sound. His right leg split (分解) in two. _____31_____ the shark’s bite, Hassiem immediately swam toward the shore. He waved his _____32_____ out of the water and cried for help.
Hassiem survived, _____33_____ the shark had taken away his right leg below the knee. Hassiem was training _____34_____ for swimming. Two years later, he was on a plane to Beijing to _____35_____ his country at the 2008 Paralympic Games (残奥会). After that he represented South Africa to attend two big Paralympic Games and
._____36_____ a medal at the London Paralympics. Sharks are _____37_____. Now, Achmat Hassiem is an ocean conservationist (环保主义者) encouraging people to _____38_____ sharks. He thanks the shark for setting him on a new life. He said, “Thanks to the shark’s _____39_____, I’ve managed to go around the world. As a child, I always wanted to represent South Africa, and the shark gave me the _____40_____. Who is better to speak up for sharks than a shark attack survivor?” 21. A. relieve B. survive C. die D. harm 22. A. merciful B. dangerous C. wild D. powerful 23. A. taking part in B. making fun of C. catching up with D. making sense of 24. A. running B. pretending C. moving D. rolling 25. A. eyesight B. attention C. energy D. memory 26. A. strange B. fierce C. loud D. attractive 27. A. performances B. ships C. smells D. sounds 28. A. broke B. changed C. removed D. ran 29. A. closed B. touched C. cleaned D. opened 30. A. heard B. found C. earned D. explore 31. A. Dream of B. Proud of C. Afraid of D. Free of 32. A. head B. back C. arms D. legs 33. A. But B. For C. However D. And 34. A. hard B. secretly C. happily D. hurriedly 35. A. replace B. report C. represent D. lead 36. A. accepted B. won C. hosted D. succeeded 37. A. disappeared B. endangered C. caged D. hunted 38. A. protect B. forbid C. change D. save 39. A. bite B. help C. attack D. power 40. A. talent B. ability C. inspiration D. opportunity
21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. 【答案】
D 32. C 33. A 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D 【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。南非救生员Achmat Hassiem在一次救生演习中被鲨鱼咬断了右腿。后来他成了一名残疾游泳运动员，参加了北京和伦敦残奥会。他感激鲨鱼给他带来的这些机遇。 【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hassiem从没想过他能在鲨鱼的袭击中幸存下来。A. relieve解除；B. survive幸存；C. die死亡；D. harm伤害。根据下文He was really lucky.可知，他从来没有想到他会在鲨鱼的攻击下幸存下来。故选B。 【22题详解】
A. merciful仁慈的；B. dangerous考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为他一直认为它们是最强大的海洋杀手之一。
危险的；C. wild野生的；D. powerful强大的。根据上文watch sharks hunting seals in False Bay可知，鲨鱼是海洋最强大的杀手之一。故选D。 【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：2006年8月，他和他的哥哥与当地救生员一起正在参加一场演习。A. taking part in参加；B. making fun of取笑；C. catching up with赶上；D. making sense of理解。根据空后an exercise with the local lifeguards.可知，Achmat Hassiem和哥哥正在参加一场演习。故选A。 【24题详解】
A. running跑；B. pretending假装；C. moving考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，他看见一条鲨鱼向他哥哥游去。
移动；D. rolling滚动。根据下文He knew sharks tend to move towards ____7____.可知，一条鲨鱼向他哥哥游去。故选C。 【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的第一个想法是转移动物的注意力。A. eyesight视力；B. attention注意力；C. energy精力；D. memory记忆。根据下文Immediately he started drumming on top of the water.可知，他的第一反应就是要分散鲨鱼的注意力，所以拍击水面企图引起鲨鱼的注意。故选B。 【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他立即开始在水面上敲打，试图发出很大的声音。A. strange奇怪的；B. fierce猛烈的；C. loud大声的；D. attractive有吸引力的。根据语境可知，他试图想弄出一些较大的声音来吸引鲨鱼。故选C。 【27题详解】
A. performances表现；B. ships轮船；C. smells考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道鲨鱼通常会游向有声音的地方。
D. sounds声音。气味；根据上文Immediately he started drumming on top of the water, trying to make a ____6____ noise.可知，他知道鲨鱼通常会游向有声音的地方，所以才会制造声响。故选D。 【28题详解】
A. broke打破；B. changed改变；C. removed考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当它改变路线时，鲨鱼向Hassiem游去。
D. ran跑。删除；根据上文He saw the shark turn away from his brother.可知，鲨鱼改变了方向，游向了Hassiem。故选B。
【29题详解】
A. closed关闭；B. touched触摸；C. cleaned考查动词词义辨析。句意：鲨鱼张开嘴，他的右腿在鲨鱼的嘴里。
打扫；D. opened张开。根据下文his right leg was in the shark’s mouth.可知，鲨鱼张开了嘴巴。故选D。 【30题详解】
A. heard听到；B. found发现；C. earned赚取；D. explore考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他听到一个可怕的声音。
探索。根据下文His right leg split (分解) in two.可知，他的腿被鲨鱼咬断了，此处是指他听到一个可怕的声音。故选A。 【31题详解】
考查形容词词组辨析。句意：从鲨鱼的嘴中挣脱，Hassiem立刻游向岸边。A. Dream of梦想；B. Proud of
C. Afraid of害怕……的；D. Free of摆脱……的。根据上文His right leg split (分解) in two.为……感到自豪的；
以及下文Hassiem immediately swam toward the shore.可知，他从鲨鱼的嘴中挣脱，然后立即向岸边游去。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把胳膊伸出水面，大声呼救。A. head头；B. back背；C. arms手臂；D. legs腿。根据语境可知，Hassiem挥舞着手臂寻求帮助。故选C。 【33题详解】
Hassiem活了下来，A. but但是；B. for因为；C. however考查连词辨析。句意：但鲨鱼夺走了他膝盖以下的右腿。
然而；D. and和。根据语境可知，前后句意是转折关系，however表转折关系时，需要用逗号与句子隔开。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Hassiem一直刻苦练习游泳。A. hard刻苦地；B. secretly秘密地；C. happily快乐地；D. hurriedly匆忙地。根据下文Two years later, he was on a plane to Beijing to ____15____ his country at the 2008 Paralympic Games (残奥会).可知，右腿残疾以后，他刻苦练习游泳，参加了2008年的残奥会。故选A。 【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年以后，他登上了飞往北京的飞机，代表他的国家参加了2008年残奥会。A. replace代替；B. report报道；C. represent代表；D. lead领导。根据下文After that he represented South Africa to attend two big Paralympic Games and ____16____ a medal at the London Paralympics.可知，他代表自己的国家参加了2008年残奥会。故选C。 【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：之后，他代表南非参加了两届大型残奥会，并在伦敦残奥会上获得了一枚奖牌。A. accepted接受；B. won赢得；C. hosted主办；D. succeeded成功。根据上文the 2008 Paralympic Games以及at the London Paralympics可知，他参加了两次残奥会，并且在伦敦残奥会上赢得了奖牌。故选B。 【37题详解】
A. disappeared消失了的；B. endangered濒临灭绝的；C. caged考查形容词词义辨析。句意：鲨鱼是濒临灭绝。
关在笼子里的；D. hunted被捕猎的。根据下文Now, Achmat Hassiem is an ocean conservationist (环保主义者) encouraging people to ____18____ sharks.及常识可知，鲨鱼是濒临灭绝的动物。故选B。 【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，Achmat Hassiem是一位海洋保护主义者，他鼓励人们保护鲨鱼。A. protect
B. forbid禁止；C. change改变；D. save挽救。保护；根据空前an ocean conservationist (环保主义者) encouraging people to可知，Achmat Hassiem鼓励人们保护鲨鱼。故选A。 【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了鲨鱼的袭击，我才得以环游世界。A. bite咬；B. help帮助；C. attack袭击；D. power权力。根据上文Hassiem never imagined he would ____1____ an attack by the shark.及He thanks the shark for setting him on a new life.和文章最后一句话Who is better to speak up for sharks than a shark attack survivor?可知，此处指多亏鲨鱼的攻击，Achmat Hassiem才能够周游世界。故选C。 【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：小时候，我一直想代表南非，鲨鱼给了我这个机会。A. talent天赋；B. ability能
力；C. inspiration启发；D. opportunity机会。根据上文He thanks the shark for setting him on a new life.可知，Hassiem认为是鲨鱼给了他这样的机会。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2020·陕西省安康市高一上期末]Today I will share a true story about an overseas student____41____studied in Germany.
After years of hard work this student graduated with____42____(amaze) achievements. Everyone was sure that he was going to get a good job____43____(easy) and have a bright future. But to his surprise, he was not even given the chance for____44____interview! It was the third time that he____45____(refuse), he couldn’t
help____46____(telephone) the company to ask why they didn’t want him. The answer was simple. “We don’t offer jobs to dishonest people in Germany.”
You might wonder what was wrong. The truth is, shortly after he___47___(arrive) in Germany, this clever student found that____48____was easy to skip(逃票) buying subway tickets in this country. So in order to save money, he often went in the subway without a ticket. As a result, he had been caught without a ticket many times.
From this story, we learn that we may get short-term benefits（好处）in dishonest ways, ___49___the truth will come out sooner or later and the cost is high. So remember that___50___(honest) may lead to failure. We must be honest. It is a rule.
【答案】41. who/that 42. amazing
43. easily 44. an 45. had been refused 46. telephoning 47. arrived
48. it 49. but 50. dishonesty 【解析】 【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个到德国的留学生，虽然学习上取得傲人的成就，却因为逃票几次三番被一个公司拒绝。文章告诉我们，用不诚实的方法我们可能会得到短期的好处，但是真相揭晓时我们会付出巨大的代价。 【41题详解】
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句关系词，指人的先行词student在从句____1____studied in Germany.中充当主语，故应用关系代词，故填who/that。 【42题详解】
考查形容词。此处应填形容词修饰名词achievement（成就），修饰物应用v-ing形容词，故填amazing。 【43题详解】
考查副词。此处应填副词修饰动词短语get a good job(得到一份好工作)，故填easily。 【44题详解】
考查冠词。Interview（面试）为可数名词，结合句意“他没有得到一次面试的机会”可知此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，且该词为元音音素开头，故填an。 【45题详解】
考查时态和语态。根据句型it was the+序数词+time that sb had done是某人第几次做某事,可知此处应用过去完成时，主语he和refuse（拒绝）之间是动宾关系，故过去完成时的被动语态，故填had been refused。 【46题详解】
考查固定短语。此处考查短语can’t/couldn’t help doing sth情不自禁做某事，故填telephoning。 【47题详解】
考查时态。分析句子可知此处是时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据后文的found判断为一般过去时，故填arrived。
【48题详解】
考查代词。此处考查句型it is +adj.+to do sth做某事是怎么样的，it是形式主语，故填it。 【49题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：通过这个故事，我们知道了用不诚实的方法我们可能会得到短期的好处，但是真相迟早会被发现，并且代价是巨大的。结合句意可知前后部分是转折意义，故填but。
,【50题详解】
考查名词。此处应填名词作为宾语从句的主语，再结合句意“不诚实会导致失败”可知此处应用其否定形式，故填dishonesty。
【点睛】第5小题考查固定句型：it was the+序数词+time that sb had done是某人第几次做某事
例如：It was the first time that I had complete the work by myself.这是我第一次自己完成这项工作。当系动词是was时，从句用过去完成时。
第5小题It was the third time that he____5____(refuse),系动词是was，且表被动，故填had been refused.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
[2020·陕西省安康市高一上期末]One day I happened to find chatting room on my QQ, that people were chatting in English. I tried to chat with some of them. To my surprised, I found the oral English of some junior
students were better than mine. I asked them for advices and they told me to practise more on QQ. But every day after that I would spend one hour practise my oral English on QQ. Day by day I learned from many useful words and expressions. With time going by, I found that I could even communication with some college students free. 【答案】1. chatting前加a 2. that → where
3. surprised → surprise 4. were → was
5. advices → advice 6. But → So
7. practise → practising 8.去掉from
9. communication → communicate 10. free → freely 【解析】 【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。一天，作者偶然在QQ上发现了一个聊天室，那里的人正在用英语聊天。后来，作者每天都会花一个小时在QQ上练习自己的英语口语，他在英语方面也取得了巨大进步。
【详解】第一处： 考查冠词。此处泛指“一个聊天室”，应使用不定冠词，chatting是以辅音音素开头的，应使用a。故chatting前加a。
第二处： 考查定语从句。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是chatting room，关系词在从句中做地点状语，应使用关系副词where引导。故that改为where。
第三处：考查名词。固定短语：to one’s surprise“令某人吃惊的是”。故surprised改为surprise。
第四处：考查主谓一致。此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，主语是the oral English of some junior students(一些初中生的英语口语)，谓语动词应使用单数形式。故were改为was。
第五处： 考查名词单复数。advice是不可数名词，不能用复数形式。故advices改为advice。
第六处： 考查连词。根据句意“所以在那之后的每一天我都会花一个小时在QQ上练习我的英语口语”可知，此处与上文不是转折关系，是因果关系。故But改为So。
spend time (in) doing sth.“花时间做某事”。第七处： 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配：故practise改为practising。
第八处： 考查实意动词。learn from“向……学习”，此处表示“学习了很多有用的词汇和习语”，from是多余的。故去掉from。
第九处： 考查动词。此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，位于could后，应使用动词原形。故communication改为communicate。
第十处： 考查副词。此处修饰动词communicate，应使用副词，意为“与一些大学生自由地交流”。故free改为freely。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
[2020·陕西省安康市高一上期末]假定你是李华。2022北京冬奥组委会正在招募志愿者，其职责为接
待各国运动员及宣传中国文化，组委会要求志愿者能够熟练运用英语，请你用英文写一封申请信。 内容包括：1. 申请原因。 2. 你的优势。 3. 相关经历。 注意：1. 词数100左右。 2. 开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir/Madame,
I have learned that volunteers for Beijing Winter Olympic Games are needed.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madame,
I have learned that volunteers for Beijing Winter Olympic Games are needed. I’m writing to apply for this position.
As a Beijinger, I think it is a privilege and duty for me to offer the best voluntary service to our foreign guests and meanwhile promote Chinese culture.
I believe I’m qualified for the job. I have a good command of English and I’m confident in giving players guidance and help as required. What’s more, I have an extensive knowledge of winter sports, which will prove helpful in communicating with players. In addition, I have been involved in several international exchange programs, and enjoyed spreading our culture to foreigners.
I would appreciate it if you could offer me the opportunity. Thank you for your time and consideration.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】 【分析】
这是一篇应用文中的申请信写作。
【详解】题目要求假定你是李华。2022北京冬奥组委会正在招募志愿者，其职责为接待各国运动员及宣传中国文化，组委会要求志愿者能够熟练运用英语，请你用英文写一封申请信。
内容包括：1. 申请原因。 2. 你的优势。 3. 相关经历。分析可知，应该以第一人称为主，一般现在时和一般将来时进行写作。要点已经给出，要求考生根据提纲自己发挥拓展，考生要先想好写哪几点，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出。描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，难点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。还要用适当的连接词把句子连接起来，这样文章显得更连贯。 【点睛】这篇申请信的关键在于要点的拓展，同时注意谋篇布局的顺序，运用合适的连接词连接全文，同
As a Beijinger, I think it is a privilege and duty for me to offer the 时选择高级的词汇和语法项目让文章更有文采。
best voluntary service to our foreign guests and meanwhile promote Chinese culture.宾语从句的运用；What’s more, I have an extensive knowledge of winter sports, which will prove helpful in communicating with players.定语从句的运用。
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